1. Write down the Hebrew name and the Principles (not the Toldah examples) of the following Melachot:

a. Final hammer-blow
b. Carrying

2. Is it permitted to open a milk bag on Shabbos, and what are the problems? If yes, how?

3. Is it permitted to open up an aluminum can of corn on Shabbos, and what are the problems? If yes, how?

4. May one set/use the alarm on a small wind-up alarm clock (without batteries) on Shabbos? Why or why not?

5. a. Is it permitted to use non-musical instruments to make music? Why or why not?

b. Is it permitted to use these non-musical instruments to simply make noise to draw attention?

c. Is it permitted to use one's body (e.g. hands, legs, mouth) for music?

6. a. Is it permitted to wind a baby swing on Shabbos?

b. Is it permitted to wind a watch on Shabbos ?

7. From where to where is it Chayav to carry? (List three cases.)

8. In question 7, under which condition would this be a place where carrying there would be Chayav?

9. Describe the Torah definition of "carrying."

10. What is a Karmelit? Describe what one has to do to permit carrying in it.

11. a. May one carry in the hallway of an apartment building? (If not, note whether it is prohibited by the Torah or by the Rabbis)

b. If not, what should one do when one wishes to carry in the hallway?

12. Are women allowed to wear jewelry in a place without an Eiruv?

ANSWERS

1. a. Final hammer blow - Makeh b'Patish: A direct, irreversible physical action that finishes an object.

b. Carrying - Hotza'ah: "Changing" an object by changing its location.

2. No, because one creates an opening/passageway (Petach) in the bag which can be Chayav. If the bag was not opened before Shabbos, one has to slit the whole bag open, dropping its contents into another container. In time of need one may also make a tiny hole and squeeze out the milk.

3. No, because: 1) this creates a usable vessel, and 2) one makes a nice opening in it. If the can was not opened before Shabbos, one has to 1) puncture a hole in the bottom, and afterwards 2) open up the top partially in a way that the opening is not so functional.

4. Winding the spring to make the alarm go off is prohibited, because one is making noise using a noise-making instrument (weekday activity). One is allowed to undo the "lock" on the alarm so it will go off to wake a person up for davening or for another mitzvah need, without actually winding it.

5. a. No, because it might lead to playing musical instruments, which might entail repairing them, which is prohibited under the Melacha of Makeh b'Patish.

b. That is permitted, unless one is dealing with a "noise-making instrument" which is used during the week to make noise, such as a rattle or a baby toy that "beeps."

c. It is prohibited to make noise to a beat with one's hands and feet in the normal way. Whistling and singing is allowed.

6. a. If the swing could be used manually, one is allowed to wind it so it swings automatically (provided this does not activate any music).

b. If it stopped working altogether, no. If the watch is still running, then it is permitted fro a mitzvah need.

7. a. From a public domain to a private domain.

b. From a private domain to a public domain.

c. Six feet within a public domain.

8. Public Domain:

1) is a main thoroughfare or marketplace
2) is 24 feet wide
3) doesn't have more than 2 walls
4) doesn't have a roof
[and doubtfully]
5) has 600,000 people using it daily (according to many opinions)

Private Domain:

1) has four "strong" walls (15" wide x 36" high) (or gates which can be closed), and
2) has an area of 15 sq. in.

9. All the following conditions must be met to be a Torah prohibition of carrying:

1) The object is not considered "clothing
2) It is carried in the normal way you would carry such an object
3) The object is: a) lifted in the original place, b) moved to a second place, and c) placed down in that place.

10. A Karmelit is a place with at least an area of 15 sq. inches, which is not a public domain nor a private domain (see below for conditions).

The Rabbis said that if the area is completely surrounded by halachic walls (poles with strings on top of them like the shape of a doorway), and one also makes it privately-owned (by way of an Eiruv), it becomes permitted to carry in it.

(According to one opinion, the strings only work to close off a small part of a Karmelit that is already mostly enclosed.)

11. No, because since it is publicly owned, the Rabbis made it like a public domain. In order to carry to, from, and within it, one has to combine all the residents into one person's home by having bread (the Eiruv) by him, which belongs to all the residents, thereby making it "privately-owned."

If there is only one Jew living in this building, an Eiruv is not necessary. If Jews and non-Jews live in the building, one has to legally buy the non-Jews' share in the hallway, before the Eiruv for the other Jews can take effect.

12. Yes, because the Gezeira against wearing jewelry, which is otherwise considered clothing, was never enforced on women. For men, however, it is prohibited.