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Conflicts between the religious needs of minorities and those of the rest of society always have the potential to take a reasoned debate off the tracks. That's what happened when the otherwise trivial question of the hours of operation of a gym on Harvard University's campus become a major cause celebre. The dispute centers on the request of six female Muslim Harvard students. Speaking with the support of the Harvard College Women's Center, they point out that since their faith forbids them from wearing revealing clothing in the presence of men, the school ought to provide women's only hours at one of its gymnasiums where they can work out in comfort without any males there to leer at them. The university responded positively, and since Feb. 4, no men have been allowed in the Quadrangle Recreational Athletic for sessions amounting to six hours per week. No Big Deal? Given the fact that this is but one of a number of such facilities on the campus, and the hours set aside are but a fraction of the total available to everyone, the school probably assumed that the concession was not a big deal. If so, they were dead wrong.
The decision to exclude men from the gym has set off a furious debate not only at Harvard, but on the editorial pages of many of America's leading newspapers. Adding fuel to the fire was Harvard's decision to allow the Muslim call to prayer to be broadcast across the campus from the steps of the main library during the recent "Islam Awareness Week." Harvard computer-science professor Harry Lewis wrote in Boston Globet the university was being hypocritical since it upheld gender equality under other circumstances, but decided that Islam's needs trumped other values. Moreover, he added, the school's refusal to allow the military's ROTC program on campus showed that its devotion to diversity (which Harvard claimed was at stake) was subject to exceptions based on the political popularity of the group in question. On the other side of the debate, Washington Post columnist Ruth Marcus answered that "it's reasonable to set aside a few off-peak hours at one of Harvard's many gyms." Identifying herself "as a member of another minority religion, Judaism," she added that "it's not offensive to have the call to prayer echoing across Harvard Yard, any more than it is to ring church bells or erect a giant menorah there." But is this just a reasonable accommodation to a few without damage to everyone else? The answer is that there are limits to what a minority faith can expect in the way of accommodation. Marcus herself cites the 1998 case of the "Yale 5," a small group of Orthodox Jews who insisted that they could not conform to the school's rules, which demanded that they live in one of the co-ed dorms on campus. As one who reported on that story at the time, I remember well how that case generated support from conservatives around the country, who perceived them as defending traditional values against immoral academia. But, as is the case with many such cases, the farther you got from New Haven, the more attractive the demand was... The "Yale 5" lost their case because it was understood that if their sensibilities were offended by what they imagined might be going on in their classmate's rooms, then they could get an education elsewhere.
The principle at Harvard is the same. The law can require reasonable accommodations for minorities, but reasonable does not mean that the rest of society need to alter its values to satisfy the convenience of the few. It would be unthinkable that public schools here demand, as they have in France, that Muslim girls take off their head scarves or Jewish boys their kipot in order to sit in class. But the Harvard decision is akin to a decision to mandate those girls their own female-only classrooms. In those cases where institutions do rightly accommodate minorities, such as the provision of cafeterias where kosher and halal food can be obtained, as is the case at Harvard and many other schools, the accommodation does not exclude people since anyone can elect to eat a kosher sandwich. Likewise, the passive exhibit of a menorah on Harvard Square or the sound of a bell is very different thing from authorizing a call to prayer, whose translation amounts to a public proclamation that all non-Muslim faiths are false. The public square need not, as rabid separationists demand, be rendered naked of faith. But it is another thing entirely to provide a minority a beachhead from which it may seek to delegitimize everyone else. Context of Intolerance It would, however, be disingenuous to debate this case without acknowledging that it's being discussed in a context in which an aggressive Islam is fighting for control of not only Muslim and Arab societies, but the West as well. While the left-liberal milieu of Cambridge might be a long way from a debate about the viability of the imposition of Sharia, or Muslim religious law (as the Archbishop of Canterbury recently suggested to a shocked Britain, which has seen its capital transformed into what author Melanie Phillips termed "Londonistan") on our society, but there is little question that Islamists are pushing in a direction that should worry everyone. That includes moderate Muslims, who will now face additional pressures - even in hyper-secular Harvard, or anywhere else where such demands are met - to conform to the behavioral norms sought by the ultra-religious. Harvard may have rushed to act to avoid being termed Islamophobic by pro-Islamist groups like the Council on American Islamic Rights and other grievance-mongerers who foster the myth that Muslims have been subject to widespread discrimination since 9/11. As columnist Andrew Sullivan wrote last week on his Atlantic magazine blog, "They [Harvard] would never do that kind of thing for any other religion. ... What's next? Removing all gay men from the locker room?" American Jews, who have always fought to protect the few from having the majority trample their rights, are naturally sympathetic to the desire of another minority for respect. But we should shrink from backing measures of highly selective and politicized "tolerance" which may be the forerunner of other demands that will restrict rather than expand religious and political liberty. A Harvard gymnasium isn't necessarily the place where the West must begin its defense against jihad. But what at first glance seemed like an easy way to indulge a minority might well be the harbinger of something much more troubling. Published: Sunday, April 06, 2008
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do not panic
It was a pure innocent request and it was granted. Harvard must have looked into the background of those students, nothing from the radical/extremist moslems you guys associate it to. Stop being bias and prejudice. As for the call for prayers i feel a short/precise call would suffice, do not go overboard. And keep the volume low please....and not the blaring decible which is annoying to the ears...for some though. Be tolerant and respect everybody''s beliefs.
(2) David Ang 5/18/2008 7:37:00 PM
The ablity to say NO and to instill Discipline prevent lawlessness.
Hi,
Rules are made for the good of the Group as in Harvard.
Changes to accommodate can be acceptable but never at the inconvience to the rest. Example the blasting of ''Muslim call to prayer'' is nothing but gross disturbance to other religions which then becomes a breach to "FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION - Every other religion then requires a call to prayer too. - How comes there are no church bells, ringing out, a call to church??? The Buddist "Horn" blowing or even their Drums. The worst is why? in a Christian Nation and a Church founded HARVARD, there are no CHURCH
BELLS ringing to get the people to Church???
Why to a minority, a minority that keeps demanding for more and more attention that becomes a major baggage of needs,"I want I want and I don.t care I want it.!!!!!
It is crazy to allow all different forms of cultures - it can never end and satisfy all. So Harvard in this case made a nonsensical mistake, infact a mistake that has disturb the "Peace in a Study Centre" unless it is a religious seminary, if it is, which religious culture - Islamic terrorism. Hope it will not sink to such lower forms of human begins.
(3) Karen Vaughan 5/18/2008 7:06:00 PM
Voluntary compliance helps many
The difference between this and the Yale 5 is that the private institution, Harvard, voluntarily chose to accomodate the needs of the female students while Yale did not. In fact the decision also accomodates Orthodox Jewish women and conservative Christian women who do not wish to expose themselves to men while exercising. Not to mention secular women or heavy women or any other women who may feel the same way.
Classrooms are places where people debate ideas and it makes sense to integrate them. Gyms are places where physical activities in various stages of undress are performed for health reasons. It is a matter of reasonable choice for a private institution to distinguish between classes and gym hours in order to accomodate a legitimate health objective.
When Yale was asked to provide same sex dormitories, it would have been wise and reasonable to make a similar accomodation, at least to the point of having a woman-only floor. However the decision was made that the private university could not be compelled to provide the same against their wishes. One hopes that the experience of the Yale 5 raised awareness that not all students conform to the same moral code and that respect ought to be paid to a variety of lifestyles, including conservative ones. The Yale 5, although unsuccessful for themselves, may have paved the way for greater tolerance at Harvard.